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面向对象 OOP

What is Object-Oriented Programming?​

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) is a widely-used programming approach in computer science, which is centered around the concepts of classes and objects. It enables software developers to create well-organized, reusable code blueprints (commonly referred to as classes) that can be used to build individual instances of objects.

Conception​

  • Class
  • Objects (instances)
  • Attributes
  • Methods
  • Constructors and Destructors
  • Interfaces

Four Pillars of OOP​

  • Inheritance: allows new classes to inherit properties and methods from existing ones, promoting code reusability.
  • Encapsulation: involves bundling data and methods within a class, keeping them organized and secure.
  • Polymorphism: lets objects of different classes be treated as objects of a common class, enhancing flexibility in code.
  • Abstraction: simplifies complex systems by focusing on essential features and hiding unnecessary details, making it easier to understand and maintain code.

Benefits of OOP​

  • Modularity: OOP encourages the separation of concerns, enabling developers to break down a software system into smaller, more manageable modules. This approach makes it easier for everyone involved to understand and contribute to a project.
  • Reusability: OOP allows us to create reusable components, which simplifies the process of building and maintaining software systems. This means that we can efficiently leverage existing work and focus on enhancing our projects.
  • Scalability: The modular nature of OOP makes it easier to scale projects as they grow and evolve. This adaptability is invaluable, whether you're working on a personal project or collaborating with a team on a large-scale endeavor.
  • Maintainability: OOP's encapsulation of code and data within objects simplifies understanding, modifying, and maintaining code. This fosters a cleaner codebase, saving time and effort for everyone involved.
  • Extensibility: OOP promotes easy extension of existing code, facilitating the addition of new features and functionality. This flexibility is crucial for accommodating the ever-changing requirements and goals that we all face in our projects.

Resources​

Code language implementation​